Ever since it was founded, the CAYC (Centro de Arte y Comunicación), helmed by the cultural promoter, artist, and businessman Jorge Glusberg, was intended as an interdisciplinary space where an experimental art movement could flourish. The establishment of collaborative networks connecting local and international artists and critics played an important role in this process. The exhibitions shone a light on these exchanges, in which overviews of trends or individual artists provided an introduction to the innovations of international contemporary art and made Argentine and Latin American artists better known on the global scene.
At the first Arte de Sistemas exhibition, presented in Argentina in 1971 at MAMBA (the Museo de Arte Moderno in Buenos Aires), Glusberg defined “arte de sistemas” as an art practice based on an understanding of the systems and processes that are used to organize the contemporary world’s experience. This definition was very close to “systems esthetics,” the term coined in 1968 by the North American critic Jack Burnham. The guidelines for the Argentinean heterogeneous version were thus established and the phrase became an umbrella term for many different movements, such as idea art (or conceptual art), environmental art, poor art (Arte Povera), cybernetic art, proposal arte, and a local approach, political art.
The CAYC presented three exhibitions at the III Bienal de Arte de Coltejer in Medellín, Colombia in May 1972: Arte de Sistemas, Arte de Sistemas en Argentina, and Hacia un perfil del arte latinoamericano. Though the first of these was a repeat of the one that was staged in 1971 (including international artists), Glusberg’s essay in the catalogue for the Colombian biennial notes that “systems art” took on a different connotation that became associated with the possibility of a regional Latin American identity. As a reflection of the decade when Southern Cone countries were all under the fascist thumb of military dictatorships, the emphasis on the political “profile” was timely. The spread of the term—as it evolved from a process of assimilation to one of radical distinction—formed the basis of the CAYC’s strategy to increase its exposure on the international stage.