Name Descriptor: Orozco, José Clemente×
  • ¡Rivera y Siqueiros lo acaparan todo!
    Climent, Juan B.
    1952
    Juan B. Climent interviews Manuel Rodríguez Lozano, who leaves no doubt about his position regarding the figures of Diego Rivera and David Alfaro Siqueiros in Mexican art. Lozano talks about the need to vindicate the native figure stemming from [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 776602

  • ¿Cómo quiere que responda a Tamayo, en broma, o en serio?
    Rodríguez, Antonio, 1909-
    1947
    José Clemente Orozco believed that opposition to political painting was nothing new in Mexico; it had been around since the start of the mural movement. Some painters tried to stamp out all forms of figurative or representative expression. When [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 755517

  • ¿El abandono de su tradicional plataforma ideológica servirá a la pintura mexicana?
    Rodríguez, Antonio, 1909-
    1948
    In this short article by Antonio Rodríguez, the art critic shows his support for an article published in the previous issue of the journal Espacios by the artist Roberto Berdecio, in defense of “social painting.” Rodríguez believes that “ [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 799572

  • ¿Identidad o modernidad?
    Manrique, Jorge Alberto
    1974
    In this chapter from América Latina en sus artes Jorge Alberto Manrique begins by describing the artistic movements of the 1920s and comparing this period to a giant hinge that moved backward to the nineteenth century and forward to the twentieth [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 838652

  • ¿Son inmorales estas pinturas? Los murales del pintor González Camarena en el edificio Guardiola actualizan la debatida cuestión de la moral en el arte
    Rodríguez, Antonio
    1942
    The critic Antonio Rodríguez uses this article to defend the murals painted by Jorge González Camarena in the main hall of the Edificio Guardiola, in the center of Mexico City. The author believes that the short newspaper article calling for these [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 804294

  • "No tan furris como otras de a peloncha"
    González Mello, Renato
    2008
    José Clemente Orozco did not publish any more political caricatures after the 1913 Decena Trágica [Tragic Ten Days]. This paragraph discusses at length the late-nineteenth-century transition from the end of the traditional press to the efficiency [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 796146

  • [El expresionismo a partir de Kokoschka,...]
    Nelken, Margarita
    1964
    In this book, Margarita Nelken, a Spanish critic based in Mexico, discusses the development of Expressionism in Mexican art. She argues that Mexican Expressionism has a native origin that, with the passage of time, has been enriched by the different [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 748151

  • [Letter] 1935 Noviembre 8, Mexico City [to] Luis Arenal
    Ossa, Ben
    1935
    After discussing how busy Germán List Arzubide—the Estridentista from old times—kept in New York’s workers’ media, Ben Ossa mentions the ideas suggested to LEAR by the “Congreso de Artistas Americanos (de Estados Unidos)” [American [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 801606

  • Abstracción y símbolo en la pintura
    Mérida, Carlos, 1891-1984
    1940
    During the 1940s, Carlos Mérida’s reflections tend toward abstract art and its protagonists. In this article, the painter states that for those who are not familiar with abstract painting, a symbolic form of interpretation is the most logical. [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 757819

  • Advertencia preliminar
    Nelken, Margarita
    1949
    This document is the first section of Margarita Nelken’s book Pintores de México [Painters of Mexico], which she wrote by commission of the Secretaría de Educación Pública [SEP, Ministry of Public Education]. Nevertheless, it was never [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 791990

  • Alejandro Romero
    Chaplik, Dorothy
    1991
    Author Dorothy Chaplik provides an overview of the life and art of Alejandro Romero, a recognized Chicago-based Mexican painter and muralist. She traces his artistic career from his childhood in Tabasco and youth and Mexico City, when he first [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 1064478

  • Americanidade e latinidade da America latina: crescente interpenetração e decrescente segregação
    Freyre, Gilberto, 1900-1987
    1963
    This is a summary of Gilberto Freyre’s thoughts on the subject of Latin America, with a focus on the cultural anthropological aspects of a hybrid civilization based on a blend of black, American Indian, and European traditions. The author discusses [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 807893

  • Arte y artistas : Se inaugura en París la Exposición de Arte Mexicano
    Nelken, Margarita
    1952
    This short article by the art critic Margarita Nelken comments on the recent inauguration in Paris of the traveling exhibition of Mexican art with work ranging from the pre-Columbian period up to the date of the article. She describes the artistic [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 793200

  • Arte y realidad
    Martínez Ulloa, Enrique
    1929
    Bandera de provincias [Flag of the Provinces] also took on the task of “discovering” José Clemente Orozco. The magazine commissioned Enrique Martínez Ulloa from Jalisco to write about Orozco’s painting. The author wrote three articles [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 763507

  • Arte y revolución
    Tablada, José Juan, 1871-1945
    1929
    Poet and critic José Juan Tablada points out that for the first time contemporary art from Mexico had been fully recognized in the United States through the œuvre of José Clemente Orozco, an artist “whose psychological power and highly tragic [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 771685

  • Artes Plásticas
    Salazar Bondy, Sebastián
    1954
    This is the first of two articles by Sebastián Salazar Bondy, published under the pseudonym “Juan Eye,” on the Mexican art exhibition organized in Lima by La Crónica newspaper. The author believes the show is exceptional for its positive [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 1137991

  • Artes plásticas : la exposición de J. C. Orozco en la Casa “Biblos”
    Cabildo, Raziel
    1916
    This article reviews the José Clemente Orozco exhibition that included the paintings belonging to his La casa del llanto [The House of Weeping] series (1911) and others as well. The exhibition took place at the Biblos bookstore, located in the [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 799479

  • Artes plásticas : los pintores jaliscienses : José Clemente Orozco
    Monterde, Francisco
    1916
    Fradique’s article, signed in Guadalajara, which is the capital of the state of Jalisco, sets out to review the work of some of the artists from that state. He begins with the “elders”: Dr. Atl, Alfredo Ramos Martínez (sic) and Rafael Ponce de [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 799498

  • Artistas e iniciados en la obra de Orozco
    Ramírez, Fausto
    1983
    In this lengthy article, Fausto Ramírez discusses the importance of paying attention to the creative work of men of art and science as one contemplates the future of the world, as was done at the New School for Social Research (1930). This topic was [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 759244

  • Autobiografía de José Clemente Orozco.
    Orozco, José Clemente
    1942
    This is an autobiographical account by the Mexican muralist José Clemente Orozco that reveals the extraordinary influence exerted on his life and work by Dr. Atl. When Dr. Atl returned from Europe, he sought the support of his old colleagues [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 796158

  • Borderland murals : Chicano artifacts in transition
    Romo, Ricardo
    In this essay, Ricardo Romo discusses the vibrant tradition of Chicano muralism, proposing as his goals both an examination of the historical evolution of murals painted in borderland states across the United States (California, Arizona, New Mexico, [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 849104

  • Carta a Diego Rivera
    Rabel, Fanny
    1957
    The painter and engraver Fanny Rabel directs an ironic, open letter to Diego Rivera because of the declarations he had made four months earlier in the same publication. [See 794985] In the name of the young generations, Rabel asks Rivera if a change [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 795037

  • Carta a Fernando Ocaranza
    Rivera, Diego, 1886-1957
    1935
    Bertram Wolfe, Diego Rivera’s biographer, states that the period from the late 1930s through the early 1940s was a solitary, confusing time for the painter due to the fact that his name was appearing constantly in newspaper headlines as the [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 785801

  • Carta a Orozco : en presencia de su actual exposición de pinturas, dibujos y grabados : en la casa del Colegio Nacional, (del 25 de septiembre pasado al 25 de octubre en curso)
    Siqueiros, David Alfaro
    1944
    In 1944, David Alfaro Siqueiros wrote an open letter to José Clemente Orozco in which he admitted that he could identify the different stages of his work. Siqueiros begins by saying that an artist’s work is not an individual creation but the [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 760439

  • Carta de Diego Rivera al Seminario de Cultura Mexicana
    Rivera, Diego, 1886-1957
    1943
    Diego Rivera writes a long letter to the Seminario de Cultura Mexicana [Mexican Cultural Seminary] in which he challenges the statements made by the Spanish writer José Bergamín about landscape painter José María Velasco and José Clemente Orozco [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 735531

  • Cincuenta años de arte moderno
    Suárez, Luis
    1958
    The journalist Luis Suárez complains about the selection of paintings made by the “International committee of experts designated by the general commissioners of the Pavilions of certain number of countries with some importance in modern art,” [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 780074

  • Clemente Orozco : su obra monumental
    Charlot, Jean
    1928
    Jean Charlot thanks, ironically, the fact that José Clemente Orozco has not studied in Europe, since the United States offered him the mechanical elements of his œuvre, and Mexico the dramatic elements. Orozco, in Charlot’s opinion, lives within [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 734383

  • Columnas del Periquillo : Un "Hitazo"
    1940
    This article discusses a plan by the Museum of Modern Art in New York City to purchase works by José Clemente Orozco, Diego Rivera, Rufino Tamayo, Jesús Guerrero Galván, and Juan Soriano. The chosen artists’ formal and artistic qualities are [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 769992

  • Con tinta negra y roja : El Muralismo de México : Gran y aparatoso adefesio de la Historia, dice José Luis Cuevas
    Rodríguez, Antonio, 1909-
    1964
    Antonio Rodríguez begins his text by justifying, to a degree, José Luís Cuevas’ harsh denunciation of the Mexican muralism movement to Marta Traba. The writer states that Cuevas, as a young painter and critic of his time, should be allowed such [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 747199

  • Con Tinta negra y roja : El Muralismo de México : Uno de los momentos culminantes del Arte en este siglo
    Rodríguez, Antonio, 1909-
    1964
    Antonio Rodríguez reports that José Luís Cuevas’ statements to Marta Traba concerning the Mexican muralist movement provoked resentful feelings in many painters that consider them to be unpatriotic. He states that Traba repeatedly attacked [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 747077

  • Contemporary painting and sculpture in Mexico
    Fernández, Justino
    1937
    In this essay from 1937, Justino Fernández conducts a study on the evolution of Mexican art during the 1920s and 1930s. The text is organized in three large sections: mural painting, general painting and sculpture. Fernández characterizes mural [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 748369

  • Contra los “Grandes” : la pintura mural no puede sujetarse a ningún control
    Rodríguez, Antonio, 1909-
    1947
    The Comisión Nacional de Pintura Mural [National Commission for Mural Painting], which consisted of Diego Rivera, José Clemente Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros, was founded in late August 1947. The Commission’s goal was to stimulate and [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 755474

  • Conversación con David Alfaro Siqueiros sobre la pintura mural mexicana
    Torriente, Loló de la, 1906-1983
    1947
    In this biographical sketch, Loló de la Torriente defines the aspiration of David Alfaro Siqueiros as wanting to be recognized as a leader of socialist fighters rather than as a painter. The text is divided into four parts: Siqueiros, the man; the [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 772501

  • Cuestionario para las entrevistas sobre el interés del arte mexicano con motivo de la próxima exposición que presentará México en París
    Gamboa, Fernando
    1952
    The questionnaire consists of six questions concerning the importance of social art in Mexico. The questions are as follows: Do you believe that the function of art in our time is to deliver an eloquent message of social content to the people? Do you [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 779906

  • Cuevas ataca el realismo superficial y regalón de la escuela mexicana
    Cuevas, José Luis
    1958
    This letter by José Luis Cuevas, sent from Philadelphia, was published in the newspaper Novedades on February 15, 1958. The missive is a response to an article by Andrés Henestrosa published three weeks earlier. Here, Cuevas defends German [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 772074

  • Declaraciones del Sindicato de Pintores y Escultores
    Siqueiros, David Alfaro
    1924
    In an open letter to the newspaper, David Alfaro Siqueiros makes a number of statements about the article published in the same paper defending students’ rights in terms of the paintings at the Escuela Nacional Preparatoria (ENP). Siqueiros [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 755362

  • Discursive Images and Resonant Words Address the Vox Populi: The Visceral Art of Carlos Cortéz Koyokuikatl
    Sorell, V. A. (Victor A.)
    2001
    In this catalogue essay, Victor Alejandro Sorell considers the 36-year career (spanning 1964–2000) of the Chicano artist Carlos Cortez, praising him as the “quintessential artist-reporter,” and emphasizing his virtuosity as a master printmaker [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 840498

  • Ecos de una exposición
    Macgrégor, Joaquín
    1951
    The author of this article criticized Rufino Tamayo’s œuvre, comparing it to Picasso’s Cubism and remarking that the artist was “a servile imitator of the Paris School.” According to MacGregor, Tamayo’s contributions were for this “ [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 772230

  • El arte de México : valorización del arte de Diego Rivera y del de José Clemente Orozco
    Selva, Roberto de la
    1936
    Roberto de la Selva—one of the earliest critics in the field of mural painting—set out to articulate a technical comparison between the work of Diego Rivera and José Clemente Orozco, with a distinctly favorable emphasis on the latter. Describing [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 749107

  • El arte dramático de Orozco
    Fernández, Justino
    1949
    Justino Fernández describes José Clemente Orozco’s work as “frivolous art,” which explains its limited appeal; but that doesn’t mean that it is not enjoyed, since Orozco documents human reality and, consequently, historic reality. Ferná [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 735422

  • El arte en México : el feísmo de Diego Rivera
    Selva, Roberto de la
    1936
    Roberto de la Selva reviews Diego Rivera’s work and comments on the murals Rivera painted in the auditorium of the Escuela Nacional Preparatoria and at the SEP (Ministry of Public Education), both in Mexico City. De la Selva hints that these works [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 749273

  • El arte en México : La tercera categoría artística
    Selva, Roberto de la
    1936
    Roberto de la Selva seeks to communicate to his readers the reach and present reality of Diego Rivera and José Clemente Orozco, establishing a comparative “technical and ideological” vision of the work of both artists. The author presents his [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 749262

  • El arte mexicano ante el público y la crítica de París
    Núñez Alonso, Alejandro
    1952
    Alejandro Núñez Alonso addresses the significant impact of Mexican art abroad. Both European critics and the public had been pleased with this great exhibition—Arte Mexicano en Paris [Mexican Art in Paris], 1952—with a full panorama of Mexican [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 779932

  • El blanco y el negro. José Clemente Orozco
    Villaurrutia, Xavier, 1903-1950
    1950
    The poet and art critic Xavier Villaurrutia believes José Clemente Orozco’s murals were his best works; then his drawings, lithographs, and engravings and, lastly, his oil paintings. Villaurrutia believes that oil painting was not the most [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 799642

  • El cementerio de las Bellas Artes
    Flores Guerrero, Raúl
    1955
    According to the art critic Raúl Flores Guerrero, the current stagnation and crisis of Mexican painting, was mainly due to three factors. The first factor was the lack of adequate preparation of the new generation, the second one was due to the [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 758290

  • El Colegio Nacional y la vacante de José Clemente Orozco
    Siqueiros, David Alfaro
    1959
    David Alfaro Siqueiros attempts to answer the question: “If you were nominated by the El Colegio Nacional to replace José Clemente Orozco, what would you say?” He replies in a long, complex, four-page essay. He eschews a yes or a no answer and [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 752764

  • El director del INBA falta a la verdad dice Carrillo Gil
    Carrillo Gil, Alvar
    1958
    In a short article published on May 31, Miguel Álvarez Acosta, the director of the Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes (INBA), stated: “The fact that the best paintings by Rivera, Orozco and Siqueiros did not appear in the Biennial was Carrillo Gil [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 772162

  • El Dr. Atl y los antecedentes de la pintura mural contemporánea
    Moyssén Echeverría, Xavier
    1980
    Xavier Moyssén writes about mural painting’s nineteenth-century precedents, in private houses and in pulquerías [agave sap saloons,] and works painted by nineteenth-century students at the Academia; the artists, he includes, are José Obregón, [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 792934

  • El edificio del museo será uno de los más bellos muy pronto : Diego Rivera y Orozco avocados para decorar
    1933
    This article describes the program by the government of Jalisco to decorate, with mural paintings, the Museo y Biblioteca del Estado [State Museum and Library]. The author mentions the governor [Sebastián] Allende, who plans to invite one of the [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 772011

  • El escultor Herbert Hofmann Isenbourg
    Luna Arroyo, Antonio
    1961
    This is the Mexican critic Antonio Luna Arroyo’s biographical sketch of the German sculptor Herbert Hofmann-Isenbourg. It spans the latter’s education in philosophy and aesthetics in Berlin, his travels—including three trips around the world— [...]
    ICAA Record ID: 772495