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¿Arte abstracto o arte no objetivo? : carta abierta a Guillermo de Torre
1951This document is an open letter in which Julio E. Payró declares his difference of opinion with Guillermo de Torre regarding the application of the term “abstract.” This letter responds to the concepts discussed by Torre in the catalog for the [...]ICAA Record ID: 742838 -
¿Identidad o modernidad?
1974In this chapter from América Latina en sus artes Jorge Alberto Manrique begins by describing the artistic movements of the 1920s and comparing this period to a giant hinge that moved backward to the nineteenth century and forward to the twentieth [...]ICAA Record ID: 838652 -
[Joaquín Torres García]
1959This text was written in 1950 by Guillermo de Torre, a year after the death of Joaquín Torres García. In it, he made a brief assessment of the artistic master relating to modern art from his beginnings as a muralist in Barcelona, while [...]ICAA Record ID: 1250545 -
1er Salón Independiente de Artes Plásticas
1937There are basically three sections in the catalogue for the Primer Salón Independiente de Artes Plásticas: (1) Statement of principles; (2) List of participating artists; and (3) The text of the tribute to the painter Milo Beretta, mentor to young [...]ICAA Record ID: 1186701 -
AIAPE la víbora y Nadie
1947This article by Sarandy Cabrera, which appeared in Removedor, the journal published by the TTG (Taller Torres-García), is an example of the magazine’s colloquial—and aggressive, “from the trenches”—discourse. This [...]ICAA Record ID: 1263683 -
Alpuy en la Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango
1958In this article, published in Bogotá’s El Tiempo newspaper on the occasion of Julio Alpuy’s first exhibition in Colombia, the Argentine critic Marta Traba reiterates her earlier strong critiques of the constructive system proposed by Joaquín [...]ICAA Record ID: 1105143 -
Ante América
1992The introduction to the catalogue for the exhibition of Latin American art Ante América [Regarding America]—presented in late 1992 at the Luis Ángel Arango Library and the Banco de la República in Bogotá—that was written by the art critic [...]ICAA Record ID: 1098386 -
Aquí, en Montevideo
1938In this brief essay Joaquín Torres-García outlines the goals he developed at the AAC (Asociación de Arte Constructivo) and explained in the association’s magazine. He describes the difficulties he had in trying to make [...]ICAA Record ID: 1263116 -
Arte e identidad : métodos institucionales en el desarrollo cultural venezolano
1978In an attempt at historical reconstruction, and due to the intense political situation in Venezuela (between 1974 and 1978), art critic Roberto Montero Castro attempts to detect the presence of “the Venezuelan identity” in certain artistic [...]ICAA Record ID: 815631 -
Arte Latinoamericano en los Estados Unidos : al margen de algunas exposiciones
1988The Puerto Rican critic Efraín Barradas writes about the full schedule of exhibitions in the United States, where he lives; according to him very few include Latin American art, since little is known about Latin American artists and their work. Be [...]ICAA Record ID: 805513 -
arte y comunismo
1944In this essay, Joaquín Torres García attempts to link this sociopolitical doctrine with that of modern art after presenting a succinct historical review starting from “primitive communism” up through the Marxist doctrine. He does so by [...]ICAA Record ID: 1245711 -
Cambio de plano
1944In this lecture, Joaquín Torres García (JTG) asserts that groups of artists that are not joined by theoretical ideas or stand behind a distinct ethical platform are pointless. He therefore repudiates the schools and groups in Uruguay, supporting [...]ICAA Record ID: 1245979 -
Cándido Portinari no es un creador
1947In this article, Guido Castillo does not launch an all-out attack on Cándido Portinari because he recognizes the Brazilian artist’s “human values” and his compassion for the suffering endured by some people in the world. But [...]ICAA Record ID: 1263707 -
Contestando a Torres García
1934In his famous “Manifiesto 1,” Joaquín Torres García repudiates the article published in the Confederación de Trabajadores Intelectuales del Uruguay’s journal Movimiento. Torres García’s text, in turn, occasioned “Contestando a Torres [...]ICAA Record ID: 1208175 -
De la invención en la pintura
1944In this essay, Joaquín Torres García speaks about “Lesson 50,” which was later published in his book Universalismo Constructivo (1944). In it there are some comments referencing selected paragraphs from another conference under the same title [...]ICAA Record ID: 1245854 -
Do mundo, a América Latina. Entre as geometrias, a sensível
1978This essay posits the concept of “geometría sensível” [Sensitive Geometry] as one of the unitary characteristics of contemporary Latin American art, and notes the growing interest (within the region and further afield) in the art produced in [...]ICAA Record ID: 771399 -
Duas cartografias da América Latina : Joaquín Torres Garcia e Anna Bella Geiger
2002This essay suggests a reading of the works of Joaquín Torres García (1875–1949) and the contemporary Brazilian artist Anna Bella Geiger through the lens of their compositional approaches, both of which were related to the field of cartography. [...]ICAA Record ID: 808407 -
El Arte Constructivo y Joaquín Torres García
1937Chapter five of the book Arte simple, published in Montevideo (1937) by Cipriano Santiago Vitureira, focuses on Constructivist art and the unquestionable contributions by Joaquín Torres García. The author values the multifaceted artist’s return [...]ICAA Record ID: 1218912 -
El arte de Joaquín Torres-García
1951The essay situates Joaquín Torres-García’s work within the course of his life and, at the same time, explains some of its polemic aspects. On one hand, it points out the lack of acknowledgment of the contributions made by the Uruguayan artist to [...]ICAA Record ID: 764035 -
El arte de Torres García
1934In 1933, Norberto Berdía compared David Alfaro Siqueiros’s visit to Montevideo with the return to Uruguay, in 1934, of artist Joaquín Torres García. In Berdía’s view, the two men represent diametrical positions: Torres García personifies “ [...]ICAA Record ID: 1208154 -
El arte naturalista y el arte geométrico
1937This article, “El arte naturalista y el arte geométrico,” includes a discussion of Joaquín Torres-García’s main theoretical ideas. Here he restates his metaphysically-inspired philosophical approach and his [...]ICAA Record ID: 1263101 -
El arte popular debe ser el más universal
1944Upholding the need to theorize his practice—Joaquín Torres García once again explains the basis of his Constructivist art; in his view, all artists should engage in permanent reflection. This text is primarily aimed at pointing out the confusion [...]ICAA Record ID: 1246036 -
El constructivismo : muerte y nacimiento de un momento histórico
1943In this brief article, written in a colloquial, essay style, Guido Castillo expresses the hope that the essence of modern art will be reborn from its own ashes in both the emblematic figure of Joaquín Torres-García and in Universalismo [...]ICAA Record ID: 1263176 -
El hombre, una incógnita
1937This is an excerpt from the book L’Homme, cet inconnu [Man, the Unknown] by the French scientist Alexis Carrel, which appeared in issue Number 5 of Círculo y Cuadrado, the magazine published by the Asociación de Arte Constructivo [...]ICAA Record ID: 1263085 -
El jurado designado por la Comisión Nacional de Bellas Artes no contempla las aspiraciones de los plásticos
1937This article from the AIAPE’s magazine includes several critiques of the decisions taken by the Minister for Public Education, Eduardo Víctor Haedo and the Comisión Nacional de Bellas Artes. The decisions are considered highly inappropriate since [...]ICAA Record ID: 1225373 -
El Salón visto por dentro : el gran premio a Torres García
1944In this article, the author speculates on the criteria adopted for judging artistic competitions and the difficulties encountered in having to provide critical judgement on the diverse and “contradictory” work presented by Joaquín Torres García [...]ICAA Record ID: 1228483 -
En defensa de la Pintura, de un Artista y del Arte Moderno : con motivo de un artículo aparecido en la revista – Arte Concreto Invención – B.A.
1947In this article, Sarandy Cabrera comments on the opinions expressed by Tomás Maldonado in his essay, “Torres-García against Modern Art,” published in the magazine [Bulletin of the Concrete Art and Invention Association]in December 1946. Cabrera [...]ICAA Record ID: 731079 -
En la sociedad burguesa ganan los banqueros y pierden los artistas : El caso del pintor Torres García
1934“En la sociedad burguesa ganan los banqueros y pierden los artistas” (In Bourgeois Society, Bankers Win and Artists Lose) is the name of an article by Norberto Berdía on painter Joaquín Torres García. More specifically, the text discusses how [...]ICAA Record ID: 1208127 -
Encuentros y coincidencias en el arte de América Latina entre oposiciones y antagonismos
1984The Argentine critic Silvia de Ambrosini claims that there have always been “opponents” in the art field. In her opinion, these “opponents” are what revitalizes the creative atmosphere. She says that in Latin American art “we find [...]ICAA Record ID: 805706 -
Germán Cueto
1969Manuel Maples Arce traces an overview of the sculptor Germán Cueto’s avant-garde œuvre, in Mexico as well as in Spain, followed by Cueto’s collaboration with the estridentista movement, his later stay in Paris and his return to Mexico. He [...]ICAA Record ID: 737760 -
Guiones Nº1.
1933This leaflet presents the work done in Madrid in 1933 by Joaquín Torres García and the Grupo de Arte Constructivo during JTG’s visit to Spain prior to returning to Uruguay for good. Three similar documents are known to exist, each one containing [...]ICAA Record ID: 1238837 -
Guiones Nº2
1930This leaflet presents the work done in Madrid in 1933 by Joaquín Torres García and the Grupo de Arte Constructivo during JTG’s visit to Spain prior to returning to Uruguay for good. Three similar documents are known to exist, each one containing [...]ICAA Record ID: 1238853 -
Guiones Nº3.
1933This leaflet presents the work done in Madrid in 1933 by Joaquín Torres García and the Grupo de Arte Constructivo during JTG’s visit to Spain prior to returning to Uruguay for good. Three similar documents are known to exist, each one containing [...]ICAA Record ID: 1238869 -
Homogenizing Hispanic Art
1987In this text, Shifra Goldman examines the problematic homogenization of the idea of “Hispanic” art and culture that was promoted by the exhibition Hispanic Art in the United States: Thirty Contemporary Painters and Sculptors organized by The [...]ICAA Record ID: 1065232 -
La aparición de un tercer Torres García
1944In this essay, the author, Carlos Herrera Mac Lean outlined a response to the article written by Joaquín Torres García against him, culminating this third section on the brief public controversy between both of them. The response, in a written [...]ICAA Record ID: 1228522 -
La aventura de un estilo
1951This essay by Guido Castillo, a student of Joaquin Torres Garcia, and partner in ideology, was written for the magazine ASIR on the exhibition on the works by Joaquín Torres García organized in Montevideo in 1951, two years after his death. The [...]ICAA Record ID: 1226575 -
La Escuela del Sur
1984Uruguayan artist and theorist Joaquín Torres García proposes in “La Escuela del Sur” an essential inversion in the political and cultural geography of the world by suggesting that the map of the world could be reversed, so that the South would [...]ICAA Record ID: 1125398 -
La Escuela del Sur
1944This “lesson” given by Joaquín Torres García (JTG) is a manifesto of sorts. It is the first in which the artist formulates the idea of “inverting the map” of South America and asserts the existence of a local cultural identity that should [...]ICAA Record ID: 1245960 -
La exposición del Subte a beneficio de Chile es una Revelación Histórica
1939This exhibition was organized by a group of independent artists associated with the AIAPE (Agrupación de Artistas, Intelectuales, Periodistas y Escritores) working with a recently created State agency, the Comisión Municipal de Cultura. All parties [...]ICAA Record ID: 1225245 -
La liberación del artista
1944“The liberation of the artist” is the title of one of Joaquín Torres García’s “lessons.” In it, he discusses the geometric foundations of Constructivist Art and calls for “setting oneself free” from what has been learned about the “ [...]ICAA Record ID: 1245998 -
La nostalgia de la historia en el proceso de la imaginación plástica en América Latina
1982In this text, Luis Felipe Noé explains his theory that the shared impulse that defines Latin American painting is its preoccupation with “inventing history.” He argues that this impulse is a direct result of Latin American artists’ experience [...]ICAA Record ID: 1061890 -
La pintura de Miguel A. Pareja
1944The critic Cipriano S. Vitureira discusses Miguel Ángel Pareja’s painting, approaching it from several different perspectives. For example, assessing the painter’s exploration of new European isms that emerged during the two World Wars, which he [...]ICAA Record ID: 1223795 -
La pintura en el V Salón de Otoño
1944In this insightful review of the V Salón Municipal de Bellas Artes, the critic Cipriano Vitureira takes for granted that the worldwide political and social events of the early 1940s demand a renewal in both artistic and thematic terms, particularly [...]ICAA Record ID: 1225672 -
La presente revista
1936Joaquín Torres-García wrote this editorial for Círculo y Cuadrado, the journal published by the Asociación de Arte Constructivo de Montevideo that seeks to follow in the footsteps of Cercle et Carré, the magazine co [...]ICAA Record ID: 1262991 -
La síntesis de las Artes
1963Referencing such Latin American nations as Mexico, Brazil, Uruguay, and Venezuela, and the European nations of Spain and Italy, Venezuelan architect Carlos Raúl Villanueva examines certain artists and movements that in the aforementioned countries, [...]ICAA Record ID: 864335 -
Las artes plásticas de 1936 a 1939
1939The painter Carmelo de Arzadun wrote this critical review of the exhibitions held in Uruguay from 1936 to 1939, a period that was defined by effervescent creativity and a lively calendar of artistic events. The exhibition of works by French artists, [...]ICAA Record ID: 1224706 -
Latin American visions and revisions
1994Art historian Shifra M. Goldman writes with great acuity and depth about the traveling exhibition, Art of the Fantastic: Latin America, 1920–1987, which opened at the Indianapolis Museum of Art in 1987, and subsequently went to the Queens Museum in [...]ICAA Record ID: 1063953 -
Los jurados de los salarios artísticos de 1935 atentó contra la cultura
1937In this article the head of the AIAPE, Juvenal Ortiz Saralegui, condemns the incompetence of the jurors who were appointed by the Ministerio de Instrucción Pública y Previsión Social to grant “artistic salaries.” In 1935 the jury that had been [...]ICAA Record ID: 1225596 -
Los murales de Torres y algunas afirmaciones
1972This article by Fernando García Esteban appeared in the weekly journal Marcha and is part of a controversy with the writer Juan Carlos Somma. All in all, the critic’s rant revealed behavior and decisions, both governmental and private, when he was [...]ICAA Record ID: 1245013 -
María Elena Sieburger
1961Rafael Squirru introduces María Elena Sieburger’s exhibition of paintings (Galería Lirolay, Buenos Aires, August 21–September 2, 1961), noting that?following a period during which she hewed closely to Joaquín Torres García’s legacy?she is [...]ICAA Record ID: 764853