From April 1926 through May 1927, ten issues of the magazine Horizonte were published and its circulation exceeded the avant-garde norm. On the other hand, the endeavor became internationalized so that the magazine reached Spanish-speaking intellectuals and artists in the United States. Ramón Alva de la Canal and Leopoldo Méndez were in charge of both design and illustrations. Furthermore, there were occasional photographic collaborations by Edward Weston and Tina Modotti, while Pedro Casilla was the photographer on staff. There were also contributions by important artists such as Diego Rivera and Gabriel Fernández Ledesma.Estridentismo, an early Mexican avant-garde [movement], originated in 1921, parallel to the muralist movement. Its creator and for some time only member was Manuel Maples Arce (1898-1981), a poet from Veracruz who rebelled against modernist poets and academic painting. Closely related to Dadaism, futurism, Ultraism, and creationism—in both its European and Latin American manifestations—Estridentismo was a movement that dealt with agitprop strategies and an unrestricted fondness for a mechanical aesthetics. The very name of the movement refers to city noise, as well as to their wish to be heard because of its embedded transgressions and excesses.It was a movement of artists devoted to literature, music, painting, engraving, photography, and sculpture. Estridentismo used as its center of operations El Café de Nadie in Mexico City. Later on, it relocated to the city of Xalapa (Veracruz) where its members got involved in the educational reform. Available to the movement were several publications such as the magazines: Ser, Irradiador, and Horizonte.