Orientación: órgano central del Partido Comunista [Orientation: Central Agency for the Communist Party] was the Argentinean Communisty Party newspaper. Since September 1936 it circulated on a weekly basis under the title Hoy [Today], later it adopted the name Orientación: Semanario de información política, social y económica. [Orientation: The Political, Social and Economic Weekly]. Although declared illegal and closed down in June 1943, in August 15, 1945 it reappeared as the official weekly newspaper,published regularly until December 21, 1949, a period in which it was directed by Ernesto Giudici (1907-1992) in full illegality and in a regular manner; since April 30, 1947 by Rodolfo Ghioldi (1897-1985). Edgar Bayley is the name taken on by Edgar Maldonado Bayley, Argentinian poet born in 1919 and died in 1990. He participated in the creation of Arturo magazine, founding member of the Concrete Art-Invention Association and member of the Poesía Buenos Aires group, published, including, numerous poetry books, stories and essays. Concurrently, Manuel Espinosa was an Argentinian artist born in 1912 in Buenos Aires and died in 2006. Member of the Concrete Art-Invention Association, subsequently he developed abstract work characterized by a series of geometrical shapes, as well as subtle color interplay.
Finally, Tomás Maldonado was an intelectual, painter and designer born in 1922 in Buenos Aires. In 1945, he was one of the founding members of the Concrete Art-Invention Association, a painters’ movement; and in 1954, he lived in Germany, where he was a professor at the Hochschule für Gestaltung [School of Design] in Ulm, institution which he later led. This document was selected since it gives testimony of the circulation, within the Communist circles, of the Tomás Maldonado and Manuel Espinoza exhibition.